Machine for mortising and tenoning



` moving the carriage from the side of the to the annexed drawings of the same mak- 'under side of the carriage by which it is moved back or fourth longitudinally by pinions; M, N, two parallel long leafed UNITED sTATEs- PATENT OFFICE, f-

n WARNER L. PETERS, 0E FEANKFORD, PEmIsYLvANIA.

MACHINE FOR IVIORTISING AND TENONING.

Speccatonof Letters PatentNo. 2,878, dated December 1 2, 1842.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, WARNER L. PETERS, of Frankford, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Machine for Mortising and .Tenoning, which is described as follows, reference being had ing part of this specioation.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the machine. Fig. i), is a section of the feeding apparatus; Fig. 3 is a view of the under side of the machine. l

The frame of this machine is made of suitable size, strength and material and is marked A in the drawing.

B is the carriage upon which the piece of timber to mortise or tenon is secured; C a guide fixed to the carriage against which the article to be wrought upon is placed-being mortised at or near the middle to allow the cutter or cutters to have free play without touching the guide; D a small vertical frame fastened to the carriage in which the article to be out, or acted on, is placed and secured; E a vertical post inserted into the carriage between which and the guide a wedge is inserted forV holding .the article to be cut; F is the wedge just mentioned, mortised on the side next the guide at G to admit the cutters to work freely without touching the wedge-said wedge also passing between one of the posts of the vertical frame D and the guide C. II is a sliding clamp for holding down firmly upon the carriage the article to be acted on, said clamp being mortised and moving over the shanksof screw bolts inserted into the vertical frame D; I plates for holding down the carriage upon the cross timbers A2 of theV frame7 said plates being fastened to the side timbers of the frame; J screws for frame through which the screws pass to the opposite side where springs K areY placed and ,which are contracted as the carriage is moved from the screws J. K are the aforesaid springs placed between the edge of the carriage and the side of the frame, which springs are extended as the screws are withdrawn, causing theJV carriage to move toward the side of the frame through which the screws pass.V L is a` rack fastened to the pinions for moving` the carriage to or from either end 0f the frame as required by `reversing their motions; O P two ratchet wheels on the ends of the axles of the pinions acted on by a double shouldered arm g. Q the double shouldered arm for turning the ratchet wheels suspended to a screw i inserted into the rising-and falling gate containing the cutters said screw being provided with a nut for confining the arm-said arm being perforated with numerous holes to admit said screw for changing the sweep-v of the arm and movement of the ratchet wheels. R is a lever-for ,changing the gear of the arm with one or the 'other ratchet wheel as reouired-perforated toadmit the screw z' to pass through the samesaid screw serving as the fulcrum ofthe lever. S isa bow spring put on the screw for keeping the arm inS gear with the ratchet wheels byk pressing or bearing the lever against they arm; I notched frame for holding the lever inthe position desired-the shank of which passing through the gate and fastened by a nut; U, V, two vertical parallel ways Vover which the gate slides up and down passed through the horizontal timbers of the frame and braced at the head by horizontal stays stock which passes through roundlapertures in horizontal cross pieces of the gate secured at the head by a nut and screw p. e is a lever or handle fixed to the top ofthestem (Z for turning it and the cutter at pleasure I in t-he gate in order to reverse its position therein. f f are cutters for cutting a tenonfastened by screws tothe stock and removable at pleasure for the substitution of other cutters toV suit the kind of mortising or tenoning required. Each of the vcuttersY i f are in the form of a right angle one side cutting next the shoulder of the tenon and thek other side cutting next the side of the tenon. gate attached to a horizontal axle g passing through or turning in .the two posts mof the frame, which cog wheel is made to slide g is a cog wheel for moving the.

11o on the axle q 'for throwing it in or out of` r gear with the rack at pleasure fastened by a pin to place desired. 7L is the lever l01j handle for turning the cog Wheel g periorated at the short end to secure or attach a counter Weight.

Operation: Secure theV stile or piece of timber to be mortised or tenoned upon the carriage VB in the position represented at 7' by the Wedge F and clamp H. Depress the lever 7L; this will turn the cog Wheel g which acts en the rack b causing the gate a to descend With the cutters f upon the stile 9 tak-ing olf portions of the Wood on either side of the middle of the stile which will be left uncut to form the required tenon. The lever is then moved toward the gate and secured in the frame'T which brings the arm Q into gear with vthe ratchet O. The lever it is then raised which reverses the movement of the parts above mentioned, l

and at the same time causes the arm Q to act on the ratchet 0 which turns the pinion M and causes the carriage With theY stile to advance toward the cutter (Which Will now be raised out of t-he Way) as far as the intended cut. rEhe lever t is again brought down Which causes the cutters to take oil" other chips or portions of the stile and in this -manner the operation is continued until the tenon is cut. lThe carriage is then run back by shifting the lever R forward to the front notch in the frame T and there securing it, which brings the Varm Q into` gear with the ratchet P Which reverses theV movement of the pinion LT. The carriage being runV back the stile is turned end for end and made fast by the Wedge F and v clamp H as before and a tenon cut on the other end, if required, by repeating the be- Vfore described operations, "or instead of changing the stile end for end it may be moved farther, forward and secured bythe Wedge F and the cuttersyturned by means of the lever e and stem d Which willv effect Y the same object.

To cut a mortise a simple chisel must be substituted for the right angled cutters secure-fl to the stock (l by nuts and screws.

fh at claim as my invention and whichv I desire to secure bjfLetters Patent is- 1. The before described improvements in 

